Cardiology
Expert discussions on heart failure, arrhythmias, interventional procedures, and cardiovascular risk management.
Recent Discussions
Do you have a strict age cut-off for not referring patients for CABG evaluation?
Simple answer: No. The risks and benefits of any procedure should be assessed and balanced for all patients, regardless of age, and decision-making should be undertaken in the context of the patient's overall health status, comorbidity burden, geriatric syndromes (esp. frailty and cognitive impairme...
How often do you recommend performing an advanced lipid panel for monitoring of lipid lowering therapy?
I am late to the responses, but I do not ever order an advanced lipid panel. Our institution does not have it on the lab menu either (one has to go to an outside lab to get it done). Anything needed for CV risk assessment can be gleaned from the history, including family history and a standard lipid...
What is your preferred choice of anticoagulant (VKA vs. DOAC) in patients with an LV thrombus and apical infarct?
Traditionally, warfarin is recommended. However, there has been recent evidence to suggest that DOACS are effective as well. In my practice, I have migrated to DOACS for ease of use. Many elderly patients are overwhelmed when they are discharged with 6 or 7 medications and add to that the complexity...
Are there instances when you recommend 48-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring over typical 24-hour studies for evaluation of patients with hypertensive kidney disease?
48-hour ambulatory BP monitoring can be helpful in gathering BP data for patients on hemodialysis with 3-day per week dialysis treatments. However, it is rarely done outside of research.
Would you routinely initiate a high-intensity statin before discharge in an elderly patient presenting with a STEMI s/p revascularization who has an LDL below 70 mg/dL on no prior lipid-lowering therapy?
Yes. High dose stain therapy’s pleiotropic effects after a ‘plaque rupture’ event cannot be overlooked. Also, LDL-C in plaque rupture events (ACS, STEMI, NSTEMI) can be transiently lower due to the acute-phase response/inflammation. Starting high-intensity therapy ensures the ≥50% drop and addresses...
Are you more likely to initiate a calcium channel blocker rather than a beta-blocker as first-line therapy in patients with symptomatic nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, in light of emerging randomized data suggesting potential physiologic advantages with verapamil?
Verapamil, in my experience, has a far greater incidence of side effects, especially at moderate to high doses.
How do you approach prescribing statins in patients with an ASCVD <7.5% but have a strong family history and/or elevated LDL (but <190)?
When considering statin therapy for patients with an ASCVD risk of less than 7.5%, but with a strong family history of cardiovascular disease or elevated LDL cholesterol levels, the decision is nuanced. Here’s how I approach this situation: Shared Decision-Making: Involve patients in the discussion...
Would you recommend delaying left heart catheterization until development of ESKD in a patient with CKD Stage 5 and stable coronary artery disease given concern for contrast-induced nephropathy?
This is a complicated scenario and one in which there are more factors than just medical ones. I am far less concerned about contrast nephropathy (even arterial as in this case), compared to a decade ago. The more important question is whether a patient with stable CAD requires a cardiac cath. If th...
When you identify new atrial fibrillation in a hospitalized patient that spontaneously converts to sinus rhythm within 24–48 hours, and the patient has a CHA₂DS₂-VASc score of 2–3, how do you decide whether to initiate anticoagulation and/or discharge with a wearable cardiac monitor?
This is a tough one. I think the easier part is who should get a wearable cardiac monitor? I think the answer is pretty much everyone since the recurrence rate is around 30% in one year - and if it recurs, it predisposes to strokes, and I'd likely provide anticoagulation per AHA/ACC based on CHA₂DS₂...
Has the CLOSURE-AF trial changed your threshold for referring a patient with atrial fibrillation for left atrial appendage closure?
The totality of data from recent clinical trials affirms that LAAO implantation should be viewed as a useful alternative strategy for patients at high risk of stroke and systemic embolism. Although closure can be used as a first-line treatment in select patients, I continue to recommend a trial of a...