Primary Care
Physician perspectives on preventive care, chronic disease management, and evidence-based primary care practice.
Recent Discussions
Do you have concerns with the use of oral contraceptives in patients on JAK inhibitors given the black box warning for thromboembolic events?
I would be concerned with the use of estrogen-containing OC especially in patients who are smokers, obese, and/or with a strong family history of CV disease. However, I know many rheumatologists who would still cautiously prescribe JAK inhibitors to these patients, particularly in the absence of add...
Would you start anticoagulation in a patient with RCC and related (tumor) thrombus with extension to renal vein and further?
Tumor thrombus is an intraluminal extension of tumor mass, rather than a true thrombus. There is no evidence that anticoagulation improves outcomes in tumor thrombus (Marcoux et al., Blood 2019). Primary management is surgical resection, typically as part of radical nephrectomy for localized RCC or ...
What suspected myositis manifestations drive you to start empiric therapy before the work-up is complete?
When evaluating a patient with myositis, I would consider starting immediate therapy when 1) my suspicion of myositis is high (i.e. characteristic rashes, compatible constellation of symptoms, very high CPK) and 2) the symptoms are severe. It would be the severity of the symptoms that would drive ho...
What is your approach to elevated CK in patients without clinical or serologic evidence of immune mediated myopathy?
Thanks for your great question: This is especially important because we are much more likely to see patients sent for "elevated" CPK than patients with myositis.Unfortunately, I think that the answer to the approach depends a lot the circumstances, including (1) how elevated is the CPK, and (2) how ...
Do you favor the use of maximal inspiratory/expiratory pressure measurement or supine spirometry in the evaluation of a patient with suspected respiratory muscle weakness?
In practice, we often perform both in the same session. Supine spirometry has the advantage of assessing the orthopnea that is a common complaint among my patients with neuromuscular disease. Also, many of our patients report that the MIP/MEP maneuver is difficult to perform and they feel it underes...
Do you recommend adding low-dose Aspirin for primary prevention in patients with Type 2 Diabetes on Eliquis for another indication?
Most guidelines and standards of care do not generally recommend aspirin therapy for primary prevention in patients with type 2 diabetes. As such, I do not generally recommend it unless their 10-year ASCVD risk is > 20% then I would have a discussion with the patient about low-dose (81 mg) aspirin t...
How would you approach management of a young male patient with discoid lupus who has had minimal response to hydroxychloroquine (and subtherapeutic whole blood levels) who continues to use tobacco products?
First, is he taking his HCQ (55% chance he is not)? Check a trough whole blood HCQ drug level and you want it to be 1000 - 1200 ng/mL (that is my goal in uncontrolled lupus; 750 - 1200 is fine in lupus under remission per Garg et al., PMID 37667434). Thanks, @Dr. First Last for reminding me. :-) Wh...
Do you find HZV titers useful in diagnosing shingles sine herpete?
VZV sine herpete is an infection/disorder frequently considered but rarely confirmed and represents an atypical presentation of VZV reactivation in the cranial nerve, spinal nerve, viscera, or CNS in the absence of classic cutaneous findings.Serum IgG VZV in isolation is not useful unless followed s...
How would you manage superficial thrombophlebitis of the great saphenous vein involving the knee and calf?
I would point you to an excellent algorithm created by Sherry Scovell on UpToDate, "Superficial Vein Thrombosis and Phlebitis of the Lower Extremity Veins" which has informed my practice. The highlights of the approach utilized are to perform imaging with Doppler ultrasound to determine the length o...
How long can you continue chronic low dose isotretinoin for refractory acne or other conditions?
No limit.