Rheumatology
Clinical discussions on autoimmune diseases, biologic therapies, vasculitis, and musculoskeletal conditions.
Recent Discussions
How would you treat an asymptomatic patient with a positive Blastomyces antibody, evidence of prior granulomatous lung disease on imaging, and who may require immunosuppression in the future?
We practice in an area with a good bit of blastomycosis and rarely see a positive Blastomyces antibody, even in patients with culture-proven blastomycosis. The newer EIA antibody that MiraVista lab is doing may be more reliable. If the prior granulomatous lung disease has been worked up with negativ...
How would you approach management of a patient who develops squamous cell skin cancer while on abatacept?
I would discontinue abatacept. Several studies now have reported an increased risk of squamous cell cancer/non-melanoma skin cancers in patients on abatacept (Wadstrom et al., PMID 28975211, Simon et al., PMID 37932010) and in someone who actually develops this malignancy on the drug, I would hesita...
When trying to increase infliximab for active disease (inflammatory arthritis or sarcoidosis), do you prefer to increase dosage or reduce frequency between doses?
As is often the case with rheumatology therapeutics, we are residing in a " data-free" zone. There is limited literature available from the Crohn's disease patient population where this issue was studied in a limited way. There did not appear to be any significant difference in outcome using either ...
What is your approach to patients with biopsy proven giant cell arteritis that continue to have symptoms after initiation of high dose glucocorticoid therapy?
First, let's define and discuss “high-dose” steroids. Oral therapy is typically 60-100 mg of prednisone daily, and IV is 500-1000 mg of methylprednisolone daily for three days, followed by oral prednisone. There has been no difference in long-term outcomes for vision loss or diplopia. The complicati...
Do you consider co-prescribing hormone therapy and anticoagulation in a patient with prior DVT and uncontrollable VSM uncontrolled by non-hormonal therapies?
While I agree that you need to be thoughtful about adding additional VTE risk to patients with a history of VTE, I am much less concerned when patients are already on full-dose anticoagulation. Especially when the medication is transdermal estrogen, which has the lowest effect on thrombotic risk. I ...
Do you perform genetic testing when patients have persistent hypogammaglobulinemia after rituximab therapy?
I would not routinely perform genetic testing. Multicenter studies (Labrosse et al., PMID 33862010; and Otttaviano et al., PMID 35892275) show that genetic testing returns a low yield, <5%. Several authors suggest that the risk of persistent hypogammaglobulinemia due to PID is increased if there is ...
How would you work up a patient with cutaneous mastocytosis?
In adults, consider mastocytosis as being systemic until you prove it is not. A single normal or low-elevated tryptase does not eliminate the possibility of systemic mastocytosis. All patients should go to Heme/Onc for consideration of bone marrow biopsy and ideally high-sensitivity PCR to look for ...
Do you escalate treatment in patients with myositis who achieve clinical remission but continue to have elevated CPK?
Typically, patients who are doing well and in remission can have low levels of CK abnormality, which needs to be monitored but not treated. Post myositis improvement, some patient's muscle membrane remains leaky or not perfect, leading to some low levels of elevated CK, which has no clinical signifi...
What is your approach to timing of medications like Rituximab and Cyclophosphamide around plasmapheresis in patients on daily PLEX?
Plasma exchange (PLEX) in designed to remove antibodies. Thus, PLEX will remove monoclonal antibodies, including rituximab, and do so fairly effectively and likely to some extent in proportion to the intensity of the PLEX. If there is a clinical need to use PLEX for a patient also to be given rituxi...
How would you approach managing an asymptomatic patient with normal kidney function who has elevated p-ANCA and MPO titers along with evidence for pauci-immune glomerulonephritis on kidney biopsy?
I would assume the patient has hematuria and proteinuria, and that is why they had a kidney biopsy. I would treat this patient with immunosuppression, but would be willing to reduce the dose and duration of immunosuppression depending on the response of the patient. Following the ANCA titer would al...