Rheumatology
Clinical discussions on autoimmune diseases, biologic therapies, vasculitis, and musculoskeletal conditions.
Recent Discussions
How do you integrate next-generation sequencing with traditional culture methods to improve the identification of fungal pathogens, especially in cases where routine cultures are negative when evaluating suspected prosthetic joint infections?
To my knowledge, there is no evidence that molecular studies improve the detection of fungal pathogens in periprosthetic joint infections. The vast majority of fungal PJIs are caused by Candida species, while mold infections are rare and typically diagnosed through fungal cultures. If a PJI remains ...
How do you approach an asymptomatic patient with evidence of intense radiotracer activity at the left sternoclavicular joint on bone scan with a history of SAPHO syndrome on Humira?
Any other area light up? Bone scans are sometimes challenging to read as they can light up with degenerative changes or prior damage and do not always represent active disease. Can consider an MRI of the joint to better determine whether there's disease activity or only prior damage. If it's really ...
Is there a target alkaline phosphatase level for hypophosphatasia patients on asfotase alfa therapy?
The package insert states, “do not rely on serum alkaline phosphatase measurements for clinical decision making in patients treated with Strensiq”.
What is the appropriate interval to obtain a hydroxychloroquine level after making a dosage adjustment?
Hydroxychloroquine has an initial whole-blood half-life of around 5 days, while its terminal half-life is around 40 days (Costedeau-Chalumeau et al., PMID 27745934). The former is relevant to evaluating whole blood levels after a dose change.This was confirmed in the PLUS study (see figure 2 in Cost...
How do you counsel patients with non-statin associated inflammatory myopathies about statin use?
Patients with non-HMGCR-associated myositis could try statins, keeping in mind that they could develop statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS). Therefore, would start with fluvastatin/pravastatin/pitavastatin (that are less likely to cause SAMS) at a low dose and slowly escalate if there are no sid...
Would you have a patient temporarily discontinue methotrexate while receiving a FAST or FAST FORWARD regimen for breast irradiation?
I favor continuing as the dose of MTX is low for RA and in CMF era with much higher methotrexate dose, RT plus MTX was well tolerated.
What do you recommend for fertility preservation in pediatric patients with impending cyclophosphamide use for treatment of a rheumatic disease?
Cyclophosphamide (CYC) is an alkylating agent primarily used in the treatment of malignant lymphomas, and its gonadotoxic properties are well-established. CYC can cause ovarian toxicity via follicle atresia and granulosa cell apoptosis in females as well as oligospermia and azoospermia in males. In ...
How do you approach the timing of Rituximab during pregnancy in a patient with life or organ threatening autoimmune disease?
The short answer is that I give it whenever it is needed for organ or life-threatening disease. Giving it earlier in pregnancy may have less impact on the fetus/neonate. In general, we all try to avoid routine treatment with rituximab during pregnancy due to the expected placental transfer after the...
What is your approach to a patient with a low alkaline phosphatase?
This is a wonderful and increasingly relevant question as it is not uncommon for someone to have a low alkaline phosphatase and be told it is not important since alkaline phosphatase is only important if it is elevated. Causes for this abnormality include protein deficiency, Wilson’s disease, and hy...
Do you generally recommend starting nintedanib prior to immunosuppressive therapy in a patient with CTD-ILD?
Patients with autoimmune disease-associated ILDs such as those with rheumatoid arthritis-related ILD, Sjogren and inflammatory myositis-related ILD are usually on background DMARD/immunosuppressive therapy already at the time the ILD is detected. These therapies are also important in helping to redu...